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y E; BOESCH. SIDE AND GBNTBR LAMP AND RBPLEGTOR PGRZSTRBET GARS. No. 283,693. Patented Aug. 21, 1883.

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(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheer 2. E. BOBSGH. Y SIDE AND CENTER LAMP 'AND REPLBGTOR POR STREET GARS.

No. 283,693'. Patented' Aug. 21,1883.

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UNITED STATES PATENT ErrcE.

EMILE BOESCH, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

i SDE AND CENTER LAMP AND REFLECTOR FOR STREET-CARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 283,693, dated August 21, 1883.

` Application'filed August 1S, 1852. (No model.) Y

l To @l whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, EMILE Bonson, a citizen of the United States, residing inthe city and county of San Francisco, State of California, have made and invented certain new and useful Improvements in Side and Center Lamps l for Street-Cars; and I do hereby declare that is joined atits largest diameter.

the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to a certain novel construction of lamps specially adapted for streetcars and vehicles, both for center and side lights.

The improvements, as hereinafter fully described, have for their object simplicity of construction with effective illuminating power.

The following description fully explains the nature of my said improvements and the manner in which I proceed vto construct, apply,`

and use the same, the accompanying drawings being referred to by letters and figures asv follows-that is to say,

Figure l is a vertical transverse section through the lamp-case and the chimueytop of a side lamp. Fig. 2 is a front view. These two views show the lamp set into the woodwork of the case. Fig. k3 is a horizontal section through the lainp on the line 3/ y, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section through the lampcase when used as a center lamp. detail section through the lower part of the chimney-top, showing `the connection with it of the inner flame-protector. Figs. 6, 7 8, and 9 show details of the construction of the refiector. Figs. l0 and 11 show the manner of constructing the burner-socket.

W, Fig. l, may represent the side or end portion of a car-bodywhere the lamp is inserted. A is the conical reflector, forming the back of the lamp-case. C is the glass front, and D is a ange, by means of which the lamp is set and secured in place. This lamp is produced by the' intersection of a conical reflecting-surface, A, withl a globular glass front, formed of a hemisphere, C, to which the cone The front is made, preferably, in parts or sections c c, set in niet-al sashes d d, as this construction is both more economical, and also provides a door by fixing one section, C', on hinges c e.

The reflector A is formed of a back or body,

Fig.- 5 is a.

with a central aperture, B', to receive a bullseye, y, in the case of a side lamp,wherethe reflector is set up vertically, or to serve as an outlet to the chimney-top when the reflector is used for a center lamp,where the reflectoris set horizontally. Around the outer edge a rimfbi, is turned up, and the reflecting-sun lface is then formed by laying and securing all round against this inner face anumber of metal segments, g y. These plates or facets g g are cut to `f1t closely together at the edges, and to cover the circle Vall round. In order to hold them properly in line and produce an even surface, I turn downthe edges along both sides, Aas shown at g3, Fig. 9. Two plates can be thus pressed closely together without overlapping.

The facets g g are of the proper length to fit in between the rim inclosing the central apen ture, B', and the exterior rim, b2, so that but little holding means is essential. They. are held in place additionally, however, by means of the metal clips 11.411?, which are bent over the rim b2 and the edge of the facets g g at the l outer end, and at the inner end they are sup- Y ported by the circular flange Z) x on the rim surrounding the central aperture, B', substantially as shown in Fig. 7. These plates are corrugated, in order to increase the reflecting-surface. Any one or more of these segments can be readily renewed when broken or defaced, and the reflecting-surface can be kept at all times clear and perfect. Such a surface is produced at small expense, and the entire surface can be changed as often as required without requiring any repairs or changes in the lamp itself.

lwithout requiring an additional lamp for the driver. To fasten it in such position I provide upon the cone, at a point just behind its line of junction with the glass front, a flat projeeting ring on the outside ofthe cone, so as to form a flange,l D, through which Vfastening w This construction` contributes both to the cheapness of manufae' IOO e s estacas nails or screws can bel inserted to take into the `vwood-Work beneath. Nothing but the front C of the lamp is therefore seen outside of the wood-work. This gives an unobstructed outlet for the rays around the sides of the lamp, and greatly increases the area of illumination, besides presenting a highly -ornamental appearance within the car. The greater portion of the base or socket is located-outside the line of' junction of the cone,\with the front, so as to bring the burner well forward. This construction is applicable to center lamps as well. In such case the cone-reflector A is made the top of the lamp, and the globe C, secured to it beneath, is provided with the socket F to hold the burner M.

In order to prevent the dispersion of light at the sides of the globe, and to concentrate and deflect the lateral rays downward, I carry out the edge of the cone A beyond the circle of intersection with the globe, so that a portion of the reflector is then outside of the body C. The sides of the cone A are therefore simply prolonged `to project beyond the globe. This construction is clearly shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings. This lamp is sus- 'pended in the center from the roof of' a car by y meansA of arms or hangers G G, secured to the top of the cone A, at g g, and having ears g2 g2, by which to fasten the hangers to points of support above the lamp. In a lowceiling car the lamp can be inserted into the ceiling and secured by means of screws passed through the edge of the cone at n n, and the hangers will not be required. From the central outlet, B, the chimney H leads up through the top ofthe car. The air for combustion is supplied through apertures m m in the bottom of the.

In cases of exposure to high winds I produce complete protection of the flame from downward drafts by providing thel chimney H with twoV channels, one a central outlet, h, placed-immediately over and in line with the flame, and properly guarded bya cap or plate,

h3, at the top to prevent the downward draftV from entering, and the other an outer channel, h', surrounding the outlet h and leading directly into the interior of' the lamp-case. The

inner channel conducts the heat and gases of' combustion away from the burner or lamp M, and in conditions of exposure to down drafts or gusts of' wind it guards the outlet of the burner-chimney and keeps the flame clear In the jolting and rough motion to whichv car-lamps are subjected the oil that 'nds its way out from the burner and collects in the bottom of the lamp becomes frequently a source of annoyance and uncleanliness by dripping from the lamp-case, and IV have found it desirable to provide a means of catching and collecting it within the socket. To accomplish this I make the socket F somewhat larger in diameter than the body of the burner M, and then fix on the outside of' the burner-body, at intervals apart, three or more wires, s s, thick enough to fill the space between the burner and the inside of the socket-rim. These wires project below the bottom of the body and form legs to rest on the bottom of the socket, and when the burner is placed in position a clear space, t, is formed beneath it,that serves as an oil-collector or drip-cup. This also forms a simple and'secure fastening for the burner, and is readily adapted to any form of burner and socket. n

The advantages derived from these improvements are simplicity and cheapness of construction, with a highly-ornamental appearance, an increased area of illumination, particularly at the sides, vand a steady clear light under all conditions of weather.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- Y l. A car-lamp having a conical reflector, A, and a globe front or body formed of sections c c, one of' which is -hinged to serve as a door, substantially as described. y l

2. The combination of the reflector A, the glass front formed of sections, one of which is hinged to serve as a door, and the rim or flange D at the intersection of the front with the reflector, substantially as described.

3. In a car-lamp, the combination, with the conical reflecting back A, adapted to be set into and be secured in the wood-work of the car, of thesectional glass front projecting from,the rim of the said reflector, and having the lampsocket extending outside of the zone or circle of intersection of the said reflector with the front, whereby the rays of light from the lamp or burner arebrought forward into and thrown out at the sides of the front, as herein set forth. f

4. In a lamp, a sectional globe-front having a back formed of a conical reflector attached to it at its largest diameter, substantially as described.

IOO

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5. vThe combination ,with the conical reflector I v described. Y

6. The combination, with'the reflector-body A, having the rim and fasteningclips, of the reflecting-surface formed of separate segmentplates g g, with turned-up edges g3 to prevent the overlapping.

7. In a lamp, the combination, with the burner-body, of the legs formed of' wires that are secured to the burner-body at intervals,

and are of Such diameter with1 respect to the space provided between the burner and its holding cup or socket that they constitute` both a support to hold the burner above the socket-bottom and a fastening to tix. the burner 4 in place, as herein set forth.

8. The ear-lamp Consisting of a body formed by the intersection of a conical reflecting-surf face, A, a g1obe-front,G,oomposed of sections C C, one of which is hinged to form a door, a socket, F, for the burner, and the double chimney H H', substantially as described.

9. In a lantern or1an1p,the Chimney H',pro vided with a oep, h3, in combination with an exterior chimney, H, surrounding the ohinl- 15 ney H and extending to a point above it and its superposed cap, and opening into the lampease, and with the lamp or other light, suhst-entielly as and for the purpose set forth.

EMILE BOE'SCH. [L 5.]

Witnesses:

EDWARD E. OsBoRN, MARY SUTTON. 

